Forensic Medicine & Entomology Quiz Crafted by -
Dr. Suchita Rawat
Guest Faculty (M.Sc Forensic
Science)
Department of Anthropology,
University of Delhi
Here’s the short interview of Quiz maker
1. Forensic Medicine & Entomology is an emerging
field in the forensic science. How would you like to explain the scope of this
discipline in our country?
Forensic
Medicine and Entomology in India has been used long for estimation of PMI
estimation, cause and manner of death. However, forensic entomology was seldom
used and now has seen its application in PMI estimation. Both Forensic Medicine
and Entomology is a filed with wide scope and research potential.
2. Would you like to share your experience in making this
quiz?
The quiz
prepared comprises of a combination and new and old concepts. Hope the students
learn from it and enjoy it as much as I did while preparing the quiz!
3. Talking about the global perspective, where do you see
this subject in the next few years?
With advancement of technology there is emergence of
non-invasive virtual autopsy and examination in Forensic Medicine. Forensic
Entomology has now seen wide application in toxicological analysis
(entomotoxicology), DNA identification of victim from insect gut. The field has
lot of scope in aquatic arthropods which have not been explored. The field
require great work in Taxonomic identification using molecular markers and
crime stimulated insect succession.
4. I really appreciate your time ma’am for giving us such
insights into the subject and also preparing such an engaging Quiz. What would
be your message for the aspiring Forensic students?
With the fast-moving pace of the world technology
students need to keep them updated with paradigm shift in Forensic Science and
embark their academic endeavours in light of it. Furthermore, it is essential
to be trained in the domain of your interest while pursing academic degree. I
would advise students to participate in forensic related extracurricular
activities and envisage future research in tandem with the Global perspective
of Forensic Science.
Here is the List of Questions with Answers along with explanation
Que 1. Which
Physician documented the distortions of cadavers resulting from insect feeding
or bite marks by cockroaches, ants, and lesser necrophiles?
A. Louis
Bergeret
B. Klingelhöffer
C. Hermann
Reinhard
D. J.F.
Zacharias
Answer: B. Klingelhöffer
Explanation: Klingelofer
documented the distortion of cadavers resulting from insect feeding or bite
marks by cockroaches, ants or lesser necrophiles.
Que 2. Who
provided the first modern case report in forensic entomology?
A. Jean
Megnin
B. Louis
Bergeret
C. Hermann
Reinhard
D. Murray
Galt Motter
Answer: B. Louis Bergeret
Explanation:
Louis bergeret provided the first modern case report
in forensic entomology. Bergeret performed an autopsy on the mummified body of an infant discovered
in a paris house. He recognized and drew conclusions from the pattern of succession
of different insect species onto the corpse and also saw the significance of
the duration of the life cycles of different cadaver insects.
Que 3. Whose
seminal works Fauna des Tombeaux and La Fauna des Cadares describes eight
distinct waves associated with insect succession on bodies located in
terrestrial environments and two waves associated with buried bodies?
A. Jean
Megnin
B. Hermann
Reinhard
C. Murray
Galt Motter
D. Francesco
Redi
Answer: A. Jean Megnin
Explanation: Megnin seminal works Fauna des tombeaux and La Fauna des charles describes
eight distinct waves associated with insect succession on bodies located in
terrestrial environments and two waves associated with buried bodies.
Que 4. Which
necrophagous fly can discover well hidden, covered, wrapped, or buried bodies?
A. Blow
flies
B. Flesh
flies
C. Scuttle
flies or humpbacked flies
D. Skipper
flies
Answer: C. Scuttle flies or humpbacked flies
Explanation: flies can discover well hidden, covered, wrapped or buried bodies. The scuttle
fly, Megaselia scalaris is a dipterean fly in the family of phoridae named for
short, rapid bursts of running motion characteristics of adults. The species is
alternatively referred to as the humpbacked fly because of its hump-backed
appearance or the coffin fly because
of its ability to dig deep into
the ground to reach buried carrion and penetrate
closed containers such as coffins.
Que 5. In
Forensic Entomology Adventitious species are
A. Insects
feeding on the corpse
B. Insects
that feed on both the corpse and associated arthropods
C. Insects
that use the corpse as an extension of their own natural habitat
D. None
of the above
Answer: C. Insects that use the corpse as an extension of their own natural habitat
Explanation: According
to the smith in 1986, four categories of insects can be found on decomposing
carrion I.e necrophagous species feeding on the carrion, predators and
parasites feeding on th necrophagous species- this group also contains
schizophagous species which feed on the body first and become predaceous on the
later stages, omnivorous species feeding on the carrion and other arthropods
like ants, wasps and some bettles, other species like springtales and spiders
which use the corpse as an extension of their environment.
Que 6. Which
Beetle family is found in dry and skeletal stages of decomposition?
A. Rove
Beetles (Family Staphylinidae)
B. Clown
Beetles (Family Histeridae)
C. Checkered
Beetles (Family Cleridae)
D. Skin
Beetles (Family Dermestidae)
Answer: D. Skin Beetles (Family Dermestidae)
Explanation: Family
dermestidae is found in the dry and skeletal stages of decomposition. The dry
decay stage is characterised by the movement from previously dominant carrion
fauna to new species.
Que 7. Choose
correct option
Assertion (A): Beetles larva can be
easily seen in mixture of dipteran larva feeding on a carrion
Reason (R): The beetle larva is
larger in size and their entire body is covered with hairy tufts
A. Only
(A)true
B. Only
(R)true
C. Both
(A) and (R) true
D. Both
(A) and (R) False
Answer: C. Both (A) and (R) true
Explanation: Bettles
larva can be easily seen in the mixture of the dipterean larva feeding on a
carrion. The bettle larvae is larger in size
and the body is covered with the hairy tufts.
Que 8. The
following are forensically important aquatic arthropods except
A. Caddisflies
B. Mayflies
C. Midges
D. Muscid
flies
Answer: D. Muscid flies
Explanation: Forensic
important arthropods are caddisflies,
mayflies and midges. The closer association of indoor arthropods with living
humans highlights a greater potential of indoor arthropods as forensic evidence
in itself. This is underpinned by the huge diversity of mite species associated
with human habitation.
Que 9. In
Forensic Entomology, the laboratory rearing conditions for insects is
A. 15-20°C
and 80-90% humidity
B. 10-20°C
and 10-50% humidity
C. 27-30°C
and 80-90% humidity
D. 27-30°C
and 50-70% humidity
Answer: C. 27-30°C and 80-90% humidity
Explanation: In
forensic entomology, the laboratory rearing conditions for insects is 27-30
degree Celsius and 80-90% humidity.
Que 10. Choose
the molecular loci used for identification of insect species in Forensic
Entomology
A. Dehydrogenase
B. Chitinase
C. Beta-galactosidase
D. Cytochrome
C oxidase (COI and COII)
Answer: D. Cytochrome C oxidase (COI and COII)
Explanation: Cytochrome
C oxidase is used for identification of the insect species in forensic
entomology. Species identification of insects of forensic importance,
especially flies, is a very complicated and difficult process, in which the
small anatomic identification keys are observed with stereomicroscope. For
accurate and convenient species identification, DNA- based methods have been
developed
usually analyzing the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase gene.
Que 11.
Molecular death is
A. Complete and irreversible cessation of brain,
heart and lungs function
B. Death
of individual tissues and cells after somatic death
C. Total
loss of EEG activity, but heart is functioning
D. Vitals
functions are at low pitch that cannot be detected by clinical examination
Answer: B. Death of individual tissues and cells after somatic death
Explanation: Molecular
death is the death of the individual cells and tissues after the somatic death.
Molecular autopsy or postmortem molecular testing is the set of molecular
techniques used in forensic medicine to attempt to determine the cause of the
death in unexplained cases in particular sudden unexplained death.
Que 12. Bluish
Green Post Mortem staining is observed in case of
A. Asphyxia
B. Carbon
monoxide poisoning
C. Hydrogen
sulphide poisoning
D. Phosphorus
poisoning
Answer: C. Hydrogen sulphide poisoning
Explanation: Bluish
green postmortem staining is seen incase of hydrogen sulfide poisoning.
Postmortem staining is bluish green or reddish purple discoloration due to the capillary venous
distension with blood at the undersurface of the skin of the dependent parts of
the body, due to settling of the blood in those areas due to the pull of
gravity when circulation to keep the blood in motion ceases.
Que 13.
Which enzyme would be observed in high concentration for an aged wound of 8
hours or above?
A. Amino
peptidase
B. Alkaline
phosphatase
C. Histamine
D. ATPase
and Esterase
Answer: B. Alkaline phosphatase
Explanation:
Alkaline phosphatase will be seen in the higher
concentration after the aged wound of 8hours or more.
Que 14. Which
of the following option indicates Postmortem Submersion?
i) Negative diatom and Gettler
test
ii) Drowning in shallow water
iii) Froth, cadaveric
spasm, algae and mud in finer branches of bronchioles, water in lungs
iv) Heavy weight tied to body
A. i,
ii
B. ii,
iv
C. iii,
iv
D. i,
iv
Answer: D. i, iv
Explanation:
Postmortem submersion indicates the negative diatom and
gettler's test and heavy weight tied to the body. With the help of diatom test
we can ascertain that whether the cause of death is drowning or not.
Que 15. Which
of the following option indicates Strangulation?
i) Signs of struggle absent
ii) Hyoid bone fracture may occur
iii) Face is Congested and livid
with petechiae
iv) Bruising of neck muscles
A. i,
ii
B. ii,
iv
C. iii,
iv
D. i,
iv
Answer: C. iii, iv
Explanation: Strangulation
indicates face is congested and livid is petechiae along with bruising of neck
muscles. Strangulation is application of external pressure on the neck either
by bare hands or by a ligature or by any other material. It is a form of
asphyxia caused by constriction of the neck without suspending the body.